Factors in Waste Reduction Through Variable Rate Programs

Waste reduction through incentives: a case study

Environmental problems have been considered as a serious situation in Hong Kong, in which waste management is pressing harder in comparing with the practices of air, water and noise pollution. Reuse, recycling and reduce the construction materials has been encouraged for many years; however, it is still not used for many construction site activities. In motivating the construction workers to im...

Underlying factors behind the low participation rate in electronic waste recycling

This study aims to understand influential factors for Jakarta’s residents to participate in a formal electronic waste recycling programme. It questions the efficacy of providing facilities to collect electronic waste despite the lack of legislated regulations or policies. Using the goal-framing theory as a foundation, a survey conducted on 208 respondents in 2018 revealed that selling obsolete ...

Bias Reduction in Instrumental Variable Estimation through First-Stage Shrinkage

The two-stage least-squares (2SLS) estimator is known to be biased when its first-stage fit is poor. I show that better first-stage prediction can alleviate this bias. In a two-stage linear regression model with Normal noise, I consider shrinkage in the estimation of the first-stage instrumental variable coefficients. For at least four instrumental variables and a single endogenous regressor, I...

A Variable Reduction Technique for Pricing Average-Rate Options∗

Investigation of Reduction and Precipitation Rate of Colloidal Gold Particles Obtained in the Process of Electrical and Electronic Waste Recycling

This paper studies the influence of process parameters: temperature, the weight of the added precipitant agent, pH and reducing agent on the kinetics of the process of reduction and precipitation of gold of 98.44% purity obtained in the process of electrical and electronic waste recycling. The optimal conditions of reduction and precipitation of colloidal gold particles in the process of re...